What term denotes an organism, such as an insect, that transmits a pathogen from one host to another?

• A. Walk-off mats
• B. Vector
• C. Abatement
• D. Acute health effects

Answer: (B)

Infection control uses the term vector to describe an organism that transmits a pathogen from one host to another. Vectors are the middle links in the transmission chain: they don’t have to cause disease themselves, but they carry and transfer the pathogen. Insects are classic examples—mosquitoes, ticks, and fleas can spread diseases by biting an infected host and then biting a new one. Some vectors transmit the pathogen biologically (the pathogen develops or multiplies inside the vector), while others are mechanical carriers that pick up the pathogen on their body and transfer it.

This concept is important for control efforts: reducing or eliminating vector exposure interrupts transmission, which is why vector control is a key part of infection prevention programs.

Walk-off mats are used to remove dirt and contaminants from footwear as people move between areas. Abatement refers to reducing or eliminating a hazard. Acute health effects describe immediate health outcomes, not an organism that transmits pathogens.