Which of the following is not typically included in an ICRA plan?

• A. Traffic flow.
• B. Monitoring and auditing procedures.
• C. Surveillance of patient outcomes.
• D. Training and change control.

Answer: (C)

What an ICRA plan typically covers for construction activities in healthcare settings. An ICRA plan focuses on preventing infection risks during construction by controlling how people and materials move (traffic flow), establishing procedures to monitor and audit adherence to infection control measures, and outlining training and change control so staff can implement new controls as the project evolves. These elements are all about proactively managing the environment and processes to keep infection risk low during construction.

Surveillance of patient outcomes, while central to overall infection prevention and control programs, is about tracking the results of care—such as infection rates and other patient safety metrics—not about controlling or mitigating construction-related infection risks. That’s why it isn’t typically included in the ICRA plan.